Improvement of MBBR Performance by the Addition of 3D-Printed Biocarriers Fabricated with 13X and Bentonite

The current study investigated the performance of a moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR), when adding 3D-printed biocarriers fabricated with 13X and bentonite (MBBR 3D), using K1 commercial K1) not at all (control MBBR). For evaluation MBBR efficiency, various physicochemical parameters were measured, while extracted from was evaluated. findings suggest that there is an optimal biodegradation organic load in units. nitrification denitrification processes improved 3D as compared to control K1. dry mass two orders magnitude larger than biocarriers. Moreover, varied relation time, since it could be protected inside holes, something did happen Finally, found, mostly less K1, growth nitrifying bacteria heterotrophs units increased biomass production form soluble microbial products, which turn favored adhesion on surface